THE AGE-RELATED MODEL OF STUDENTS' THINKING PROCESSES

Samarova Shoxista Rabidjanovna

doi:10.5281/zenodo.21822775

23.06.2026

English

THE AGE-RELATED MODEL OF STUDENTS' THINKING PROCESSES

Published

23.06.2026

Journal

Conceptual foundations of fundamental, applied, and innovative research in the transformation of pedagogical education and upbringing

Issue

Proceedings of the international scientific and practical conference on “Conceptual foundations of fundamental, applied, and innovative research in the transformation of pedagogical education and upbringing”

Pages

1090-1093

DOI

10.5281/zenodo.21822775

Authors

Samarova Shoxista Rabidjanovna

Abstract

This article explores the age-related model of students' thinking processes and its significance in contemporary education. The study examines the stages of cognitive development based on Piaget's theory, emphasizing the transition from concrete reasoning to abstract and critical thinking as students mature. It further analyzes the influence of age on critical thinking, problem-solving abilities, executive functions, and academic performance by drawing upon recent empirical research. The article highlights the importance of implementing age-appropriate instructional strategies that correspond to learners' cognitive maturity and developmental needs. The findings suggest that integrating age-related cognitive characteristics into educational practice enhances students' intellectual development, promotes effective learning, and improves educational outcomes.

Keywords

Piaget's theory age characteristics age-related model cognitive development critical thinking educational psychology executive functions instructional strategies modern education. thinking processes

Other language versions

Oʻzbekcha

Mazkur maqolada talabalarning tafakkur jarayonlarining yoshga bog‘liq modeli va uning zamonaviy ta’lim jarayonidagi ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda kognitiv rivojlanishning yosh bosqichlari, xususan, Piagetning kognitiv rivojlanish nazariyasi asosida tafakkurning konkret fikrlashdan abstrakt va tanqidiy fikrlashga o‘tish jarayoni yoritilgan. Shuningdek, yosh omilining tanqidiy fikrlash, muammolarni hal qilish, ijro funksiyalari va o‘quv faoliyatiga ta’siri ilmiy manbalar asosida tahlil qilingan. Maqolada turli yosh guruhlariga mos pedagogik strategiyalarni qo‘llash zarurati asoslanib, yoshga mos ta’lim yondashuvlari talabalarning kognitiv salohiyati va ta’lim samaradorligini oshirishga xizmat qilishi ko‘rsatib berilgan.

Piaget nazariyasi ijro funksiyalari kognitiv rivojlanish pedagogik strategiyalar tafakkur jarayonlari tanqidiy fikrlash ta’lim psixologiyasi yosh xususiyatlari yoshga bog‘liq model zamonaviy ta’lim.

Русский

В статье рассматривается возрастная модель мыслительных процессов студентов и ее значение в современной системе образования. Особое внимание уделяется этапам когнитивного развития на основе теории Ж. Пиаже, раскрывающей переход от конкретного мышления к абстрактному и критическому мышлению по мере взросления личности. Анализируется влияние возрастных особенностей на развитие критического мышления, навыков решения проблем, исполнительных функций и учебной деятельности студентов. Обосновывается необходимость применения возрастно-ориентированных педагогических стратегий, учитывающих уровень когнитивной зрелости обучающихся. Сделан вывод о том, что учет возрастных особенностей способствует повышению эффективности образовательного процесса и развитию интеллектуального потенциала студентов.

возрастная модель возрастные особенности исполнительные функции когнитивное развитие критическое мышление мыслительные процессы педагогические стратегии психология образования современное образование. теория Пиаже

References

• Mohammad Asgari (2024). The Evolution Process of Critical Thinking of Undergraduate Psychology Students at Allameh Tabataba’i University. https://doi.org/10.22054/jep.2024.78137.3978

• Ghada Wattad, David Chen (2023). Does Cognition Continue to Develop Throughout Life?. https://doi.org/10.34104/bjah.02301850191

• A.N. Kostylev, С. Н. Линченко, E.A. Kostyleva (2024). KEY ISSUES OF FORMATION OF COGNITIVE ACTIVITY IN A STUDENT. https://doi.org/10.34660/inf.2023.48.31.010

• Agata Klimczak-Pawlak, Sylwia Kossakowska-Pisarek (2023). Complexity of age effects and its implications for instruction: the case of 50+ learners. https://doi.org/10.24425/kn.2019.126508

Image References

• Diagram illustrating the components of Executive Functions [Image]. (2026). Retrieved from https://keystoliteracy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Executive-Functions-e1756769517826.png

• Overview of Piaget's Cognitive Development Theory [Image]. (2026). Retrieved from https://www.ukessays.com/images/essays/piagets-theory-of-cognitive-development.png

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