This article examines the socio-communicative aspects of the translator’s linguistic thinking in literary translation. Literary translation is not limited to the mechanical transfer of words from one language into another; it is a complex cognitive, cultural and communicative process. The translator acts as an intermediary between the author, the text and the target reader. In this process, the translator’s linguistic thinking plays a decisive role, since it determines how cultural meanings, social values, stylistic features and communicative intentions are interpreted and recreated in another language. The article emphasizes that the translator’s linguistic thinking is shaped by social experience, cultural knowledge, communicative competence and individual creative perception.